Year Unemployment Rate (December) Notable Factor or Event
1929 3.20% Market crash
1930 8.70% Smoot-Hawley
1931 15.90% Dust Bowl
1932 23.60% Hoover’s tax hikes
1933 24.90% FDR’s New Deal
1934 21.70% Depression eased
1935 20.10% N/A
1936 16.90% N/A
1937 14.30% Spending cuts
1938 19.00% FLSA started minimum wage
1939 17.20% Drought ended
1940 14.60% U.S. draft
1941 9.90% Pearl Harbor
1942 4.70% Defense spending tripled
1943 1.90% Germany surrendered at Stalingrad
1944 1.20% Bretton Woods
1945 1.90% World War II ended; minimum wage: 40 cents
1946 3.90% Employment Act
1947 3.60% Marshall Plan negotiated
1948 4.00% Truman reelected
1949 6.60% Fair Deal; NATO
1950 4.30% Korean War; minimum wage: 75 cents
1951 3.10% Expansion
1952 2.70% Expansion
1953 4.50% Korean War ended
1954 5.00% Dow returned to 1929 level
1955 4.20% Unemployment fell
1956 4.20% Minimum wage: $1
1957 5.20% Recession
1958 6.20% N/A
1959 5.30% Expansion
1960 6.60% Recession
1961 6.00% JFK takes office; minimum wage: $1.15
1962 5.50% Cuban Missile Crisis
1963 5.50% LBJ takes office; minimum wage: $1.25
1964 5.00% Tax cut
1965 4.00% U.S. entered Vietnam War
1966 3.80% Expansion
1967 3.80% Minimum wage: $1.40
1968 3.40% Minimum wage: $1.60
1969 3.50% Nixon took office
1970 6.10% Recession
1971 6.00% Emergency Employment Act; wage-price controls
1972 5.20% Ongoing stagflation; Watergate
1973 4.90% CETA; gold standard; Vietnam War ended
1974 7.20% Nixon resigned; minimum wage: $2
1975 8.20% Recovery
1976 7.80% Expansion
1977 6.40% Carter took office
1978 6.00% Fed raised rate to 20% to stop inflation
1979 6.00% N/A
1980 7.20% Recession
1981 8.50% Reagan took office; Reagan tax cuts; minimum wage: $3.35
1982 10.80% Job Training Partnership Act; Garn-St. Germain Act
1983 8.30% Reagan increased military spending
1984 7.30% N/A
1985 7.00% Expansion
1986 6.60% Tax cuts
1987 5.70% Black Monday
1988 5.30% Fed raised rates
1989 5.40% George H.W. Bush took office; reforms made to address S&L Crisis
1990 6.30% Recession
1991 7.30% Desert Storm; minimum wage: $4.25
1992 7.40% NAFTA drafted
1993 6.50% Clinton took office; Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act
1994 5.50% School to Work Act
1995 5.60% Expansion
1996 5.40% Welfare reform
1997 4.70% Minimum wage: $5.85
1998 4.40% LTCM crisis
1999 4.00% Euro; Serbian airstrike
2000 3.90% Nasdaq hit record high
2001 5.70% George W. Bush took office; Bush tax cuts; 9/11 attacks
2002 6.00% War on Terror
2003 5.70% JGTRRA
2004 5.40% Expansion
2005 4.90% Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention Act; Hurricane Katrina
2006 4.40% Expansion
2007 5.00% N/A
2008 7.30% Minimum wage: $6.55; financial crisis
2009 9.90% Obama took office; ARRA; minimum wage: $7.25; jobless benefits extended
2010 9.30% Obama tax cuts
2011 8.50% 26 months of job losses by July; debt ceiling crisis; Iraq War ended
2012 7.90% QE; 10-year rate at 200-year low; fiscal cliff
2013 6.70% Stocks up 30%
2014 5.60% Unemployment at 2007 levels
2015 5.00% Natural rate
2016 4.70% Presidential race
2017 4.10% Trump took office; dollar weakened
2018 3.90% Trump tax cuts
2019 3.60% Goldilocks economy
2020 6.70% Pandemic and recession
2021 3.90% Pandemic and recovery; Biden took office
2022 3.50% Continued recovery